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ASTM B646-2006a 铝合金断裂韧性试验的标准实施规程

作者:标准资料网 时间:2024-05-02 18:21:41  浏览:8166   来源:标准资料网
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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforFractureToughnessTestingofAluminumAlloys
【原文标准名称】:铝合金断裂韧性试验的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMB646-2006a
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:B07.05
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:合金;铝;铝合金;抗裂缝扩张;裂纹;断裂;金属;有色金属;平面应变断裂韧性试验;试验;韧性
【英文主题词】:aluminumalloys;fracturetoughness;linear-elastic;plane-strain;planestress;qualityassurance;screeningtests
【摘要】:Thispracticeisprovidedtodevelopandmaintainuniformityinpracticesfortheevaluationofthetoughnessofaluminumalloys,particularlywithregardtosupplierqualification,qualityassurance,andmaterialreleasetospecifications.Itisemphasizedthattheuseoftheseprocedureswillnotalterthevalidityofdatadeterminedwithspecifictestmethods,butprovidesguidanceintheinterpretationoftestresults(validorinvalid)andguidanceintheselectionofareasonabletestprocedureinthoseinstanceswherenostandardexiststoday.1.1Fracturetoughnessisakeypropertyforanumberofaluminumalloysutilizedinaerospaceandprocessindustries.Fracturetoughnesstestingisoftenrequiredforsupplierqualification,qualitycontrol,andmaterialreleasepurposes.Thepurposeofthispracticeistoprovideuniformtestproceduresfortheindustry,pointingoutwhichcurrentstandardsareutilizedinspecificcases,andprovidingguidelineswherenostandardsexist.Thispracticeprovidesguidancefortesting(a)sheetandotherproductshavingaspecifiedthicknesslessthan6.35mm(0.250in.),(b)intermediatethicknessesofplate,forgings,andextrusionsthataretoothinforvalidplane-strainfracturetoughnesstestingbuttoothickfortreatmentassheet,suchasproductshavingaspecifiedthicknessgreaterthanorequalto6.35mm(0.250in.)butlessthan25to50mm(1to2in.),dependingontoughnesslevel,and(c)relativelythickproductswhereTestMethodE399isapplicable.1.2Thispracticeaddressesbothdirectmeasurementsoffracturetoughnessandscreeningtests,thelatterrecognizingthecomplexityandexpenseofmakingformalfracturetoughnessmeasurementsongreatquantitiesofproductionlots.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesininch-poundunitsgiveninparenthesisareprovidedforinformationpurposesonly.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:H61
【国际标准分类号】:77_120_10
【页数】:7P.;A4
【正文语种】:


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【英文标准名称】:Ergonomicrequirementsforofficeworkwithvisualdisplayterminals(VDTs)-Form-fillingdialogues
【原文标准名称】:具有可视显示终端(VDTs)的办公室工作的人类工效学要求.表格填写对话
【标准号】:BSENISO9241-17-1998
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:1998-11-15
【实施或试行日期】:1998-11-15
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:计算机外部设备;办公室设备;格式(纸);图形显示器;效率;计算机终端;显示装置(计算机);文献索引;人类工效学;布置;图形表示;数据块;控制功能;信息交流;办公机器;字处理;数据传送;接口;设计;识别方法;性能试验;数据布置;计算机软件
【英文主题词】:Computers;Dataprocessing;Definition;Definitions;Dialoguedesign;Display;Ergonomics;Forms;Indicatingdevices;Officemachines;Officeworkingplaces;Operatinginstructions;Screendisplay;Software;Specification(approval);Textprocessings;Usersurface;Visualdisplayunits;Visualdisplayworkstations
【摘要】:ThispartofISO9241providesconditionalrecommendationsondialoguedesign,inputdesignandoutputdesignforcomputerdialoguesinwhichformfillinganddialogueboxesareusedtoaccomplishtypicalofficetasks.Formfillingdialoguesaredialoguesinwhichtheuserfillsin,selectsentriesfor,ormodifieslabelledfieldsona"form"oradialogueboxpresentedbythesystem.Oftenthesystemthencreates,orupdatesthedatabaseassociatedwiththeform.Formfillingentriestypicallyareintheformoftypedinput(abbreviations,orfullnames)orselectionsfromavailableoptionlists.Thispan"ofISO9241pertainstoformfillingdialoguesgeneratedthroughbothVDTcharacter-basedandbit-mappedscreendisplays(oftenreferredtoas"GUIs")andinputthroughkeyboardsandoptionalpointingdevices(e.g.mice).Inaddition,thispartincludestheuseofnon-textmethodsforprovidingformsentries(e.g.listboxes)andpertainstodialogueboxeswhichutilizeformfillingdialoguetechniques.ItshouldbenotedthatsomeoftherecommendationsinthispartofISO9241arebasedonWesternLanguageconventions.Forotherlanguages,therecommendationsmayneedtobemodifiedtofitthereadabilityconsiderationsinherentintheselanguages.Theserecommendationscanbeutilizedthroughoutthedevelopmentprocess(e.g.,asguidancefordesignersduringdesign,asabasisforheuristicevaluation,asguidanceforusabilitytesting)andintheprocurementprocess.Interfacedesigndependsuponthetask,theuser,theenvironment,andtheavailabletechnology.Consequently,thispartofISO9241cannotbeappliedwithoutaknowledgeofthedesignandusecontextoftheinterfaceanditisnotintendedtobeusedasaprescriptivesetofrulestobeappliedintheirentirety(seeISO9241-11).Rather,itassumesthatthedesignerhasproperinformationavailableconcerningtaskanduserrequirementsandunderstandstheuseofavailabletechnology(thismayrequireconsultationwithaqualifiedergonomicsprofessionalaswellasempiricaltestingwithrealusers).Therecommendationsrelatetothethreemajordesigncomponentsofuserinterfaces,i.e.,dialogue,input,andoutput.Dialoguedesigndeterminesthewayinwhichauserisguidedbythesystemtomakeinputsandinfluencestheamountofcontroltheuserhasoverthedialogue.Formfillingdialoguesshouldbedesignedtosupporttheuserinhis/heractualworkwithoutcreatingadditionalworkcausedbysystempeculiaritiesaswellasenablingtheusertobecomewell-informedandtoremainincontroloftheflowofwork(also,seeISO9241-10whichdealswithdialogueprinciples).DialoguedesigniscoveredinthispartofISO9241intermsofdesigningformfillingstructures,providingfeedbackmechanismsandprovidingappropriatenavigationmethods.Inputdesignisconcernedwithhowinputdevicescanbeappliedtofacilitatetheentryandmodificationofformfields.Oneormoredevicessuchasanalphanumerickeyboard,functionkeys,pointingdevicesandvoice(otherdevicesarenotexcluded)canbeprovideddependingonthetaskathandanddialoguerequirements,aswellasonindividualpreferences.ThispartofISO9241providesconditionalrecommendationsfortextentry,choiceentry,andcontrolusingvariousinputdevices.Outputdesignisconcernedwithhowdataistobepresentedconsistentlyanddistinctlyonthescreendisplay.ThispartofISO9241providesconditionalrecommendationsfortheoutputdesignofformfillingdialoguesintermsofthecontentandplacementoffieldsandgroupsoffields(alsoseeISO9241-12forgeneralinformationonthepresentationofinformation).
【中国标准分类号】:A25
【国际标准分类号】:13_180;35_080;35_240_20
【页数】:44P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语



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